GLOSSARY TERMS, CONT.
Constant Torque Torque requirement is constant at all speeds. Equipment such as cranes, hoists, conveyors, and mixers are constant torque. Constant torque power varies linearly with speed. Cubic Feet Per Minute This measurement indicates how many cubic feet of air pass by a stationary point in one minute. The higher the number, the more air is being forced through the ductwork by the system. Cycling Refrigerated Air Dryer A thermal mass such as glycol or metal that is used to cool and dry air. The thermal mass is temperature controlled by a thermostat so that the refrigerant compressor shuts off at reduced loads. Damper An element that is inserted into an air-distribution system or element of an air- distribution system permitting modification of the air resistance of the system and consequently changing the airflow rate or shutting off the airflow. Deliquescent Air Dryer Compressed air dryer that uses a material with a high affinity for water. The water is absorbed by the material. The material eventually needs to be replaced once the material is fully dissolved into liquid. Desiccant Air Dryer Compressed air dryer which uses material that adsorbs water. The water can be driven off the material by applying dry purge air, heat, or both. Dew Point Temperature at which water vapor has reached the saturation point (100% relative humidity). Drain Various types of drain traps in a compressed air system used to remove condensate. They can be found at various places in the compressed air system such as intercoolers, aftercoolers, filters, dryers, receivers, or at points of use. Extrusion A manufacturing process used mainly in plastics manufacturing. Molten plastic is forced out of a die of desired size. Heat of Compression Air Dryer Compressed air dryer that uses the heat generated during compression to dry the desiccant material. High Efficiency Side Entry Agitator An engineered and specifically built impeller to replace the standard marine type impeller for a side entry agitator that is commonly used in stock blending and mixing tanks. Horsepower A unit of power used for motors, approximately equal to 0.746 kW. Injection Molding A manufacturing process used mainly in plastics manufacturing. Molten plastic is injected into a mold to create a part. Inlet Modulation A method of control for rotary screw air compressors where an inlet damper is partially closed to provide capacity modulation at part-load operation. Kilowatt-hours A unit of measurement for electrical energy usage. One kilowatt hour equals 1,000 watts of energy used for one hour.
Kilowatts A unit of electrical power equivalent to 1,000 watts. Injection Molding Screw and Barrel Part of the injection molding press. The barrel is where the plastic is heated and melted. The screw is used to force the plastic into the mold. Load /No Load Air Compressor Capacity control for reciprocating air compressors – when the upper pressure seating is reached, valve unloaders hold open the inlet valves so that air drawn into the cylinder is expelled through the open inlet valves with any compression or delivery taking place. During unloading times, the compressor is still drawing power. On/off control differs in that the compressor starts and stops based on preset pressures and the compressor does not use power when stopped. Make-Up Air Air used to replace exhausted air to maintain building pressure balance. Manual Drains An operator manually opens valves to discharge condensate from a compressed air system. Membrane Air Dryer Membrane pores allow water vapor to pass through the pores faster than the compressed air which draws water out of the compressed air stream. Mist Eliminator A type of coalescing filter with a lower pressure drop (~1 psig) across the filter than a standard coalescing filter. Nominal HP Nameplate power of a motor. On/Off Type of compressor control that starts and stops the compressors based on a pre-set pressure. Pounds Per Square Inch Absolute A measurement of pressure. The force exerted on a surface in a fluid or gas measured relative to the absolute zero pressure – the pressure that would occur at absolute vacuum. Pounds Per Square Inch Gauge A measurement of pressure. The force exerted on a surface in a fluid or gas measured by a gauge relative to the surrounding atmosphere. Pressure Header A set of main pipes that delivers air from the compressor room. Pressure Screen Rotor A dual element foil rotor that efficiently removes contaminants from recycled paper. Pressure/Flow Controllers A device that separates the supply and demand side of a compressed air system. Radiant Heater Bands A series of radiant heaters embedded in ceramic insulation that is wrapped around the barrel of injection molders and extruders. These allow for more efficient heating than normal barrel heating. Radiant Tube Insert A ceramic insert for radiant tubes used in heat-treating furnaces. The insert provides a higher rate of heat transfer in the burner tube by producing nonturbulent and high-convection flow which reduces energy consumption of the furnace.
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