GLOSSARY TERMS CONTINUED
Induction Lamp An electrodeless fluorescent lamp which is powered by an electromagnetic induction generator to excite gases within the lamp to light rather than using electrodes internal to the lamp which can wear out. Initial Lumens The lumens produced by a lamp after an initial burn in period (usually 100 hours). Input Watts The total wattage required by both the ballast or driver and the lamp or light source in a luminaire. Instant Start Ballast starting type. Applies high voltage across the lamp with no preheating of the cathode. The higher voltage is necessary because the electrodes are not heated prior to starting. It is more energy efficient than rapid or preheat starting, but results in greater wear on the electrodes during starting. The life of instant-start lamps that are switched on and off frequently may be reduced by as much as 25% relative to rapid-start operation. However, for longer burning cycles (such as 12 hours per start), there may be no difference in lamp life for different starting methods. Kelvin Color temperature is measured in degrees Kelvin, which indicate the hue of a specific type of light source. Higher temperatures indicate whiter, “cooler” colors, while lower temperatures indicate yellower, “warmer” colors (see CCT). Kilowatt (kW) 1000 watts Kilowatt Hour (kWh) A unit of measurement for electrical energy usage. One kilowatt hour equals 1000 watts of energy used for one hour. Job Site The physical location and address where the measures were installed. Lamp The light source within a fixture. Some types are referred to as a bulb or tube. Lamp Disposal Refers to the proper recycling of lamps containing mercury or other hazardous materials. Lamp Holder Socket inside a housing, which holds the lamp in place and connects it to the electrical source. Lens A glass or plastic diffuser used in luminaires to seal a A semiconductor diode (electronic components that let electricity pass in only one direction) that emit visible light when electricity is applied and is used in lamps and digital displays. LED is available in a wide variety of colors and lighting fixture types and typically has a much longer-rated life than traditional lighting technologies. Lighting Controls Devices that adjust lighting systems to vary light level or turn on or off. fixture or control the exiting light. Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) CEE is the U.S. and Canadian consortium of gas and electric efficiency program administrators. CEE works together to accelerate the development and availability of energy-efficient products and services for lasting public benefit. Continuous Dimming Control of a light source’s intensity to practically any value within a given operating range. Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) A measure of the color appearance of a light source relative to a black body at a particular temperature expressed in degrees Kelvin (°K). Incandescent lights have a low color temperature (approximately 2700°K) and have a red-yellowish tone; daylight has a high color temperature (approximately 5000°K) and appears bluish (fluorescent Cool White is rated at 4100°K). Cove Lighting Light built into a cove, a shelf, or ledge at the upper part of a wall, to illuminate the ceiling and upper wall area. Daylight Sensor A device which senses the amount of daylight in a room and adjusts the electric lighting accordingly. Decorative Lamps General service lamps available in a variety of wattages and shapes. Decorative bulbs include flame, teardrop, globe, and candelabra shapes. Typically available in incandescent, CFL, and LED. DesignLights Consortium®(DLC) The DLC is a project of Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP), a regional non-profit, whose mission is to serve the Northeast and mid-Atlantic regions to accelerate energy efficiency in the building sector through public policy, program strategies, and education. Visit designlights.org Diffuser Light control device that spreads light by scattering it. Dimmer Control that varies the output of the light source by reducing the voltage or current to the lamp. Directional Lamps Lamp type which typically integrates a reflector to distribute light forward away from the lamp. Typically used to direct light toward an object or display. Includes flood and spot lamps with a variety of beam patterns (includes PAR, R, BR, MR, and AR types). Downlights Light fixtures that direct all of the light in a downward direction. Most often are completely recessed into the ceiling, circular or square shaped, and less than 12” in diameter. Efficacy The amount of light produced per watt of electricity (lumens/watt). It is the rate at which a light source is able to convert electrical power (watts) into light (lumens), expressed in terms of lumens per watt (LPW). For example, a 10 watt lamp producing 800 lumens has an efficacy of 80 lumens per watt. ENERGY STAR® A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) voluntary program that helps businesses and individuals save money and protect our climate through superior energy efficiency.
Flood Floodlights create a widespread distribution of light for illuminating a wall, sign, or large object or building. A floodlight should be well shielded with an accessory louver or shield to avoid stray light and glare. Fluorescent Lamps Lamps which operate by creating an electric arc inside a gas-filled tube. The color of the light is determined by the type of phosphor coating used in the lamp. Fluorescent Troffers Recessed fluorescent fixtures for 2-foot and 4-foot lamps, generally in modular sizes (2’x4’, 1’x4’, 2’x2’); commonly used in commercial spaces. Flushmount A type of light fixture that mounts directly to a junction box, typically in the ceiling. Footcandle The unit of measure for the density of light as it reaches a surface. One footcandle is equal to one lumen per square foot. G Lamp Globe-shaped light bulb, generally for exposed use. General Lighting Also known as ambient lighting, general lighting provides an area with overall, non-specific illumination. Glare Lighting that causes discomfort and impairs good visibility. Halogen Lamp An incandescent lamp that uses a halogen fill gas. Halogen lamps have higher-rated efficacies and longer lives than standard incandescent A-lamps. High-Bay Interior Lighting where the roof trusses or ceiling height is greater than approximately 25 feet above the floor. Common in big box retail, warehouse, and industrial settings. High-Intensity Discharge (HID) An electric lamp that produces light directly from an arc discharge under high pressure. Metal halide, high- pressure sodium, and mercury vapor are types of HID lamps. High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamp type that uses sodium under high pressure as the primary light-producing element. HPS lamps produce a yellow light with a CCT of approximately 2000 Kelvin. HPS lamps are among the most efficacious light sources, with efficacies as high as 150 lumens per watt, although those with higher CRI values have efficacies as low as 25 lumens per watt. High Voltage Voltage that exceeds 50 volts. Illuminance The density of luminous flux on a surface, is measured in footcandles (one lumen per square foot) or lux (one lumen per square meter). Incandescent Lamp Produces light with a wire filament, which creates light as it is heated by electric current.
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